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ինք

Language: Western Armenian

Pronoun

Pronunciation :
User Friendly: ink

Additional grammatical information:
Ինք is one of two pronouns in Armenian that means 'she' or 'he'. Ան is the other pronoun, and can also mean 'it.' The difference between the two can be seen in the examples below. Basically ինք is used the way 'she, herself' or 'he (John)' is in English sentences such as: 'Mary thinks that she, herself, will be elected' or 'John says that he (John) was not invited.'

RELATED WORDS Ինքզինք(ը) 'oneself, herself, himself', ինքզինքս 'myself', ինքզինքդ 'yourself'

NOTE: ինք is often translated as 'she, herself' or 'he, himself', but it is not used to mean 'herself' in the sense of without others' help, as in 'Maral fixed the television herself'. In this sentence, an Armenian speaker would use the word առանձին 'alone, on one's own'.

Ինք is often used with the definite article: ինքը. There does not seem to be a difference in meaning, but using the article is considered bad form, not մաքուր հայերէն ('clean Armenian').

Ինք is almost always used to refer to animate objects, that is to people or animals. It is rarely used to refer to things (ան or անիկա would normally be used for inanimates), unless they are (a) very close or nearby, or (b) a thing that is animate, such as a computer or robot.

Ինք functions as a third-person logophoric pronoun.

1. oneself; she, herself; he, himself.
   
   (a) Մարալը կը կարծէ որ ինքը հրաւիրուած չէր:
   Maral thinks that she (Maral) was not invited.
   It could be that Maral is thinking of someone else, but most likely Maral is thinking of herself not being invited.
   
   (b) Մարալը կը կարծէ որ ան հրաւիրուած չէր:
   Maral thinks that she (someone other than Maral) was not invited.
   Maral is definitely thinking of someone other than herself.
   
   (c) Տիգրանը ըսաւ որ ինքը պիտի չմասնակցի:
   Dikran said that he (Dikran) will not participate.
   It could be that Dikran is talking about some other person, but it is most likely that Dikran is thinking of himself not participating.
   
   (d) Տիգրանը ըսաւ որ ան պիտի չմասնակցի:
   Dikran said that he (someone other than Dikran) will not participate.
   Dikran is definitely talking about someone other than himself.
   
   (e) Մարալը ըսաւ Շուշանին որ ինքը հրաւիրուած չէր:
   Maral told Shushan that she (Maral) was not invited.
   Maral could be telling Shushan about someone else, but the most likely interpretation is that Maral is talking about herself.
   


2. ինքս myself, as a way of emphasizing that it was me and no one else.
   
   (a) Ես ինքս տեսայ:
   I myself saw it.
   


3. ինքներս ourselves
   
   (a) Մենք ինքներս պէտք է օրինակ ըլլանք յաջորդ սերունդին:
   We ourselves must be an example to the next generation.
   


4. ինքն, ինքը herself; himself, emphasizing tht it was that person and not another
   
   (a) Բուն մեղաւորը ինքն է:
   She's the one who is the guilty one. He's the one who is the guilty one.
   


5. ինքներդ yourselves, emphasizing that it is you and no one else
   
   (a) Դուք ինքներդ պիտի որոշէք ձեր դիրախները:
   You yourselves will choose your targets.